The Federal Housing Administration, Fannie Mae, and Freddie Mac

The Federal Housing Administration is just one part ofalso charged with maintaining certain standards to
the government created system to keep theprevent the insurance from becoming a taxpayer
mortgage market and help homebuyers becomeburden.
homeowners. Although none make loans directly toFannie Mae
consumers, each has a very important role to play andFannie Mae is acronym for the Federal National
none could continue to operate without the other.Mortgage Association. It is a shareholder-owned
The Federal Housing Administrationcompany with a federal charter and a public mission to
More commonly known as the FHA, the Federalbuy mortgages on the secondary market, which
Housing Administration is a part of the Department ofallows lenders to continue issuing new mortgages. It is
Housing and Urban Development. The FHA’s role issolely funded by private investor funds, and receives
to stabilize the housing market by helping first timeno federal funds, although it is subject to limited federal
buyers become owners and current owners refinanceoversight by HUD and the Office of Federal Housing
difficult mortgages. It also offers loans to NativeEnterprise Oversight (OFHEO).
Americans buying homes on reservations and buyersFannie Mae is also restricted in the value of the loans it
rehabilitating distressed homes.can acquire from lenders. The conforming loan limit is
The FHA sets requirements for the loans it insures,determined each year by the OFHEO. The limits are
and also approves and monitors lenders who issuesimilar to FHA loan limits. Although most loans are for
FHA-insured loans to buyers. The FHA insures thosesingle-family homes, it can also buy loans issued to
loans by collecting mortgage insurance premiums, anddevelopers of multi-family rental housing, especially
paying claims to lenders if the loans go into default.affordable housing.
Because it is a part of the federal government, theOnce it purchases the loans, Fannie Mae packages
FHA is able to insure loans issued to less-qualifiedthem into mortgage-backed securities, which it then
buyers than conventional lenders could. This enablessells.
more people to move into the market. However, it is